C2.1.2. Traditional knowledge and conservation nationally

NBSAP to 2020, Vision to 2030 - Specific targets set out in 5th National Report[1]

Criteria under ST 3: Sustainable use and equitable sharing benefits from ecosystems, species and genetic resources

2010

2015

2020

Degraded ecosystems restored

No database

--

At least 15% increase compared with 2010

Valuable wildlife are bred

--

15% increase compared with 2010

30% increase compared with 2010

Percentage of protected areas (PAs) having benefit sharing mechanism

10 PAs

10% increase

50% increase

NBSAP to 2020, Vision to 2030 - 6th National Report^[2]

- Reporting on National Targets and Aichi Targets

2014

2017

2020

Target 3:

- Number of stored and preserved cultivar specimens in seed banks, gene banks and on farms. By 2020, 80,000 - 120,000 samples preserved.

No data.

Stored about 60,000 samples, including genetic material of 30,000 agricultural seeds/genes; over 2,000 species of forest trees; 2,998 species of medicinal plants; the genes of approximately 70 domestic animals; 2,999 aquatic species; and about 22,000 strains of microorganisms.

On track to achieve target

Aichi Biodiversity Target 16: The Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing

● MONRE issued two key documents relating to the Nagoya Protocol: Resolution No.10/NQCP dated February 12, 2014 on accession to the Nagoya Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, and Government Resolution 17/NQ-CP of March 17, 2014 on accession to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits.

● Reports on legal documents on management, access to genetic resources and benefit sharing from genetic resources, including Law on Biodiversity, Decision No.1141/QD-TTg dated June 27, 2016, on capacity building for management of access to genetic resources, fair and equitable access, and sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources in the period of 2016 - 2025; Decree No.59/2017/ND-CP dated May 12, 2017, on the management of access to genetic resources and benefit sharing arising from their utilization.

● MONRE has implemented the project ‘Promoting the application of Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing in Viet Nam’, which is sponsored by GEF/UNDP, from January 2016 to December 2019.

● Under Decree No.59, which includes provisions to receive, evaluate, and issue permits for dossiers of registration of access to genetic resources: As of August 2018, 18 permits verified and issued for bringing gene resources abroad to serve noncommercial purposes (i.e. as study and research); and three dossiers of application for licenses to access genetic resources have completed the registration step.

Aichi Biodiversity Target 18: Traditional Knowledge

● Exploitation and use of medicinal plants: various institutes have conducted research on ethnic botany, focusing on indigenous knowledge of mountainous ethnic groups, e.g. hundreds of medicinal plants and traditional herbs have been collected from the Dao, Nung, Tay and H'Mong ethnic minority groups. The Institute of Medicinal Materials has conducted surveys on indigenous knowledge, collecting medicinal plants and experience of ethnic minorities. A list of medicinal plants of 15 ethnic groups has been developed, and the Institute has collected and preserved 1,296 folk medicine remedies

● Knowledge/experience in cultivation and husbandry: Indigenous knowledge of local people is promoted, including knowledge on cultivation, identification of forest trees, forest resources, harvesting and using forest products. Interviews with local people indicate that most wish to participate in forest protection and development; also important for the development of community-based organizations and regulations on forest management and protection.

● Local customary law for forest and fishery protection: Some practices of ethnic minority groups, such as protection of sacred forests and water bodies, have been maintained and developed by the authorities, e.g. Ede ethnic customs in the Central Highlands have 236 regulations defining responsibilities, with aim of creating equality. In addition, many folk festivals are carried out each year, such as the fish-seeking festival of the coastal fishermen community.

● Legal documents regulate the protection and sharing of traditional knowledge in Viet Nam: describes relevant provisions of Law on Biodiversity; Circular No.01/2007/TT-BKHCN dated February 14, 2007, guides the implementation of Decree No.103/2006/ND-CP on detailing and implementing articles of the Law on Intellectual Property, which regulates applications for registration of patents relating to gene resources or traditional knowledge.

NBSAP to 2030, Vision to 2050^[3]

Expand and reinforce genetic funds; promote information, data, and experience exchange between members of the network; promote the development of national genetic resource database.

Collect, store, produce geographical indication, and implement solutions for preserving traditional genetic resource knowledge.

Preserve and develop non-timber forest products and characteristic herbal medicine of the region via intensive farming in order to ensure sustainability, high added value (especially traditional products such as cinnamon, bamboo, etc.), Improve the livelihood, generate income, eliminate poverty of mountainous regions and ethnic minorities; implement protective measures, develop valuable non-timber forest products, especially herbal medicine and plants.