C1.1.3 Ethnic minorities and local communities (EMLCs) in REDD+ areas
EMLCs identified in REDD+ emission reduction program areas
REDD+ relevant stakeholders in Viet Nam have been identified based on the country’s sectoral legislation (Law on Forestry 2017)[1] and Biodiversity Law (2018).[2]). In addition, the NRAP[3] identified REDD+ stakeholders including local communities, ethnic minorities, community-based organizations, non-governmental organizations, gender groups, mass organizations, socio-political professional organizations and related organizations. Viet Nam’s NRAP (2017) also states that it is necessary to ensure the full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders in REDD+ activities, including ethnic minority people and women in local communities.
The guidelines on Provincial REDD+ Action Plan (PRAP) development details the processes to assess the feasibility of REDD+ actions, which includes identification of beneficiaries, consultations with stakeholders including ethnic minorities, and field verification.[4]
The Forest Carbon Partnership Fund (FCPF) Readiness Proposal development entailed various stakeholder analysis that identified the main stakeholder groups in the proposed FCPF area including People’s Committees at province and commune levels, forest owners, local households and communities.[5] The FCPF Ethnic Minority Planning Framework (EMPF) guides the screening and preparation of site-specific Ethnic Minority Development Plans (EMDPs). The FCPF-ERP also held consultations with communities in specific locations related to the REDD+ Needs Assessment, Social Screening Report, Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment and Environmental and Social Management Framework .[6] In the case of the FCPF Program, 13 ethnic minority groups have been identified in the implementation area, mainly found in the largely mountainous districts and communes that have higher percentages of land classified as forest.[5]
In the LEAF Program area, there are more than 20 different ethnic groups, mainly ethnic minorities recorded in the participating LEAF provinces.[7] However, data on the exact forest area that EMLCs protect and manage is not yet available.
EMLC participation in REDD+ consultation processes - see C2.2.4
[1] Article 1 (8), Law on Forestry (2017)
[2] Article 2 of Law on Biodiversity (2018)
[3] Decision 419/QD/TTg dated April 5, 2017 on NRAP
[4] Decision 5414/QD-BNN-TCLN dated December 25, 2015 on guideline to develop PRAP
[5] FCPF ERP Document (2018): https://www.forestcarbonpartnership.org/system/files/documents/00_FINAL%20ER-PD%20Vietnam%205%20Jan%202018__0.pdf
[6] Viet Nam First Summary on Safeguards (2018): https://redd.unfccc.int/media/4850_1_first_soi_viet_nam__28eng_29.pdf
[7] 20 Ethnic minority groups in LEAF provinces include Tay, Nung, Mong, Ede, Gia Rai, Ba Na, Xo Dang, Co Ho, Mnong, Ma, Gie Trieng, Chu Ru, Muong, Thai, Hoa, Dao, Hre, Bru Van Kieu, San Chay, Khmer